2022德国留学预科申请书

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20xx德国留学预科申请书

Dear _,

This quote by Gandhiji reflects the way my life is lived and the personality developed by living this lifestyle.

My name is Daniel Sykes and I have been told on numerous occasions that I am an intelligent person and have an ambitious personality. My ambition in life is to become a respected athlete of this country playing Rugby League and to become a Biochemical Engineer. My ambitions in life have developed throughout my entire life hence making Sport and academia the two greatest perspectives withholding the greatest of importance in my life. Personally I am willing to participate in any activity that will broaden any chance of making my ambitions become a reality. Therefore I understand the importance and difficulty of making my ambitions come true.

Some of my best traits of my personality are honesty, loyalty, Sincerity, trustworthiness and completing any task given to me to the greatest of my ability.

I have been told by many people of great importance personally that I am conscientious, hardworking and always willing to do any task that is my responsibility. I can work under any environment stressful or peaceful and I am determined to work to the best of my potential all the time.

Due to many experiences I have endured, it has given me the opportunity to have gained the ability to cope with the pressure of any situation.

Many hobbies and interests in my life make me who I am and determine the way my life is lived. Physical activity and Intellectual activities are my most distinguished interests. I enjoy Maths, science and I am willing to broaden my academic horizon by learning many different types of subjects.

Academically I am achieving above average, in every subject from math to PD/H/PE. During my entire schooling career I have been in the Gifted and Talented Student Program (GATS). I am a person whom of which enjoys learning and furthering my knowledge in every aspect.

I do not only achieve highly in academic regions of life but I also achieve highly in sporting aspects. I have been playing rugby league for many years and I thoroughly enjoy this sport and my love for sport prolongs more and more the older I get. Since I have been playing this sport I have gained very sophisticated disciplinary skills and I have found the ability to transfer these skills into everyday life and everyday situations. I have been the appointed captain of many different teams and I am told by mentors that my leadership skills are very mature and disciplined.

With acknowledgement of skills that I possess I have gained the ability to pride myself on being an enthusiastic team member, responsible, Organised, able to take initiative, disciplined and my leadership skills.

With all the experiences I have completed I have gained the ability of time management and this is beneficial in completing my short term and long term ambitions. I developed my time management skills by participating in sport, school and work.

My ambitions are a major part of my life and they sculpt the way my life is lived. I persist in making the best of my life and taking any opportunities to expand my chances of achieving my ambitions that I have set for myself.

Yours sincerely,

申请德国留学预科条件

一、预科基本类型

按照学校的性质，可以分为公立预科和私立预科。

1.公立预科

公立预科是由每个州的州政府来统一设立的，在每个学校下设立有分院，附着在学校之下，但是不属于学校的管理范围，所有的项目直接对州政府负责。

申请公立预科的学生，直接向州教育部进行申请，并且填好你想要申请的大学，这样会直接将你安排在大学下属的预科进行学习。

2.私立预科

私立预科是由院校或者机构直接设立的语言和专业学习补习课程，其又可以分为FH预科和双向预科。

FH预科是隶属于应用技术大学的预科，就读这类预科的学生，只能够申请应用技术大学，事实上，即便你就读的是某大学的预科，当你完成预科的学习之后，可以跨学校进行申请。

双向预科的选择范围则要广得多，可以选择进入FH大学，也可以选择进入Uni大学，这样的预科学习的内容会比较多，一般在中小城市内会设立这样的预科。

二、申请条件

首先需要完成国内正规本科的学习，成功获得毕业证和学位证，在完成了预科的学习之后，申请的专业是没有限制的，但是可以选择与本科相近的专业。

此外还需要提供语言的证明，因为即便是预科，在学习中德语的交流也是少不了的，没有一点基础是没有办法跟上正常的学习的。

可以提供的预登记考试的证书，也可以提供在国内学习德语的课时证明。

德国留学认可的德语考试

一、DSH考试

DSHSH考试全称是 “德国高校外国申请者入学德语考试” (Deutsche Sprachprüfung für den Hochschulzugang ausl?ndischer Studienbewerber)，由德国大学独立举办。DSH考试在一些大学每年举行两次到四次。大多数情况下，DSH考试只在学期开始前举行。DSH考试内容分为两个部分，口试部分和笔试部分，按照评分，DSH考试按照分数划分为三个三个等级。

通常在大多数的学校DSH2和DSH3才能作为进入专业的语言证书。考生不需要在每一个想申请的大学报考DSH考试，比如通过汉诺威大学的DSH考试，可以以此证书申请任何德国大学。唯 一不接受DSH证书的大学是斯图加特大学。DSH证书是长期有效的。

在国内同样是否可以参加DSH考试呢?

可以的，国内部分院校与其合作的德国院校每学期都会在国内举行DSH考试，获得的DSH考试证书同样被德国院校所认可。如北京理工大学，北京外国语大学，同济大学，上海外国语大学，西北政法大学等。

二、歌德语言证书

凭借歌德语言证书同样可以申请德国大学，对于大部分学校来说，德国院校接受歌德C2证书，大德语文凭(GDS)是一种非常高级的语言水平，并且对应于“欧洲共同语言参考框架”(GER)六级能力等级中的水平(C2) 。要达到这一水准，根据已有德语水平和学习条件的不同，需经过至少1000学时的学习，考试分为听说读写4个单项，考试难度大。

三、Telc语言证书

Telc是欧洲语言证书(The European Language Certificates)的简称，telc的命题单位为telc GmbH语言考试院。telc GmbH语言考试院是德国培训大学联盟(der Deutsche Volkshochschul- Verband e. V.)的下属机构。telc C1 Hochschule于20xx年11月被德国大学校长和各州教育部长联席会议确定为全德大学录取外国学生的合法语言证明，效力等同德福、DSH。

Telc C1 和DSH类似，只有口试和笔试两个部分，口试：口试部分一共48分，及格分数为29分(总分值的60%)。笔试： 笔试包括阅读理解、完形填空、听力理解和写作四个模块。笔试满分为166分(48+22+48+48)，正确率达到60%(99分)，即可通过。国内目前没有举行Telc C1考试的机构，学生可以考虑在德国报名相关考试。

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欧洲留学德国留学申请书2022【例文】

欧洲留学德国留学申请书20xx格式

Dear _,

Nearly everyone has a dream in their youth, and the seeds of my dreams began thrusting up when they touched the soil of Chemistry. I was fascinated by the distinctive individual properties of chemical substances and marveled at phenomena displayed in experiments. They inspired me to explore the mystery of chemistry and make use of that power. Combining science and engineering, Chemical Engineering is a dynamic and continually evolving field of study. So, following my graduation from high school, I applied for the School of Chemical Engineering & Technology at _ University, which is the best university in this discipline (as ranked by the Chinese Ministry of Education).

During my four years of college study, I had built up a solid fundamental knowledge of science and engineering. Devoted and hardworking, I was awarded a scholarship every year by the University. During the course of my undergraduate study, I gradually understood the importance of chemical engineering, which is the backbone of our society and has potential to help people make better lives. I felt the weight of this responsibility, and hoped I could be a researcher in chemical industry in the future. So it is necessary to pursue further study in this field.

I started my first step by being an undergraduate research assistant for Professor _ when I was a junior. My program deals with the synthesis and photo-luminescence of porphyrins. With the guidance of my advisor and the cooperation of a doctoral student, I designed the reaction route and conditions, then, synthesized and analyzed the target product. To better accomplish my research project, I took some optional courses like Organic Functional Material and Nanoscience and Technology. My academic ability improved greatly and I received encouragement from my advisor. During that period, my advisor also told me, “The main difference between undergraduate students and graduate students is creativity; a graduate student’s responsibility is to create knowledge, not to obtain knowledge again.” Inspired by her words, I strove to inject my research with greater creativity. As reactants in my experience were very expensive and the yield of the product was very low, I tried many new synthesis schemes and introduced bold modifications. Implementing new catalysts into conventional methods increased the product yield and purity. The result turned out to be rewarding--- a Chinese paper based my results is in preparation. I am confident that my research experience and potential will benefit me in my future study and research.

Due to my outstanding research records, I was selected from thousands of candidates in China to intern in __ Electron Material Company-- a subordinate company of Chinese Academy of Sciences and _ Chemistry—a fortune 500 corporation. During that period, I understood better the formulas and equations in our textbooks from the real world production and procedures. I got to know more about the chemical industry and made huge strides in the areas of knowledge application and practical ability. In my opinion, accumulating experience in the chemical industry played an important role in preparing me for future study and research.

However, merely building up a solid foundation is not enough; there are much wider spaces for me to explore. I was quite active on campus, which provided me with many friendships and a sense of social responsibility which I believe is important. I also attended a Sino-American college student summer camp, through which I greatly improved my proficiency in English, and learned more about the culture and education of the United States. Especially after talking with some students from Chemical Engineering Department of _ University and University of _, I became more aware of that there is still a large gap between China and other modern nations in this field. This further contributed to my goal of pursuing further education in the USA.

As a senior about to end my four-year pursuit of knowledge here, I am clearly aware of that the achievements I have made are only the beginning. So, I really hope I can be admitted to the Department of Chemical Engineering at University of __ to pursue my graduate study because your university is one of the best public universities in the country and your department combines a diverse and talented group of faculty and students with interdisciplinary research areas. And the fact that your university provides a high faculty/student ratio (1/4) and family-like atmosphere has deeply impressed me. From my experience in scientific and engineering research, I have a strong interest in chemical engineering, and I firmly believe that my solid knowledge, background, research potential and strong love for chemical engineering, added to my strong sense of determination will prepare me a successful and bright future in your institution.

Yours sincerely,

留学德国常见问题解读

1、为什么德国没有学费?

德国大学不收学费，这点也是吸引了很多学生的，因为没有学费，在这里读一年也就6万左右。但德国的这些学校不仅是对自己的学生免了学费，对于留学生也是这样的。大家了解过英美大学就知道了，它们的学校基本上对待本地学生和国际学生都是完全不同的收费标准。

也就是学生在德国，能够和德国学生一样是免除了学费，也能够去打工赚生活费，或者是同样享受各类的福利。

2、为什么德国毕业后前途都比较好

只要德语足够好的话都可以在这里找到工作，特别是读理工科的学生。而且这里说的德语够好指的是在口语跟表达上都没有无障碍的，这样的要求其实并不高。当然如果要回国就业的话，留学德国的优势还是很大的。因为中国和德国其实在贸易上也有很多的合作，在未来几年里双方的企业都会很青睐这些在德国就读的人才。

3、德国的难点在哪里?

德语。当然，小语种是去德国的学生不可绕开的话题，但是在英语如此泛化的时代，学习一门小语种是必要的的，也是丰富自己的简历的一笔。况且，去德国也可以选择英语授课，也为国际学生大大提供了便利。其他的难点都不是难点，想去的并经之路就是学生自己的优质背景，只有自己足够优秀，才有资格去理想的。

4、为什么去德国留学在经济上有利?

对于中国的非本地阶层来说，来德国是一个很好的选择。其实如果能开始读德国大学，找工作的优势太多了。比较明显的就是学生们更容易找到更高端的工作。而且学生在这里就读也不会有经济压力，因为他们不需要交学费，所需要的也只是生活中要用的钱。

5、为什么接受外国留学生移民?

其实这是德国为了留住这些在当地接受了高等教育的人才。留学生只要在这里工作满两年都能够去申请永久居留了。从移民的条件来讲，它比其他国家拥有更加相比宽松的移民条件。

德国到现在其实一直都很需要大量人才。所以它现在才尝试吸引技术移民，而留学生既有高学历，也有拥有技术和知识，是德国企业非常想要留住的人力资源。

德国留学保证金准备指南

一、基础金额

在德国，公立的院校是不收取学费的，而公校的数量又不少，所以大家准备的保证金，就只需要覆盖自己在德国的生活开销就足够了，按照官方给出的标准进行准备。

一个月的平均支出是853欧，一年的总开销就是10236欧，而大家要准备的金额，就是这一年的生活开销，等到抵达了德国之后，每个月最多可以取出853欧作为生活费。

二、影响因素

今年要准备的保证金，和去年相比较，其实是上涨了的，从每个月720欧，涨到了853欧，这是近几年来，第一次进行上涨的调整，主要是受到了物价和生活水平的影响。

德国的经济近两年有了非常大的提升，所以大家在这里留学的消费自然也就增加了，那么相应的保证金的准备也会进行上涨，所以这也是比较正常的变化，大家多准备一点会对申请更有利。

三、准备流程

大家收到了录取之后，就可以进入保证金的准备了，需要先开一个银行账户，要求是德国的银行的账户，目前在国内就有不少德国银行的分行，大家直接递交开户的申请就可以了。

可以选择直接去线下的银行进行现场开户，将足额的现金存到账户内;或者选择X-Patrio、Fintiba进行线上的开户，将足额的现金通过转账的方式转入到账户内。

四、账户激活

选择线下开户的学生，抵达了德国之后，需要去相应的银行进行自己账户的激活，大家需要填写激活的表格，并且出示护照进行身份的核实，然后进行审核，成功后就可以直接使用了。

选择线上开户的学生，如果在之前没有选择确定的银行的话，可以去往任意一个银行，这样会省事儿一些，同样要填表，并且进行材料的审核，通过后激活账户直接使用。

2022德国留学本科申请书【精选】

20xx德国留学本科申请书

Dear _,

“The Foolish Old Man Removing a Mountain” is an allegory known to virtually every Chinese. The story tells that in ancient times there was an old foolish man by the name of Yu Gong who was determined to remove the WangWu Mountain, a mountain that blocked him and his family from having access to the outside world, in an attempt to carve out a road leading to the outside world and hence create conditions for his posterity to achieve economic prosperity. The project was a Herculean task and, to make the matter worse, the old man was rather advanced in age. His neighbors all came to dissuade him from the endeavor. But the old man’s answer was that if he should die, his children and grandchildren could succeed him. The day would come when the mountain could be removed ultimately.

Inconceivable as they are, modern versions of this allegory occur in the frequently impoverished mountain areas in present-day China. The mountain folks resort to primitive manual labor (hence inevitably involving casualties) and simple tools and usually spend many years, even more than a decade, to open up routes inch by inch in order to have access to the market outside the deep mountains to sell their farm produce, so that their descendants will no longer be confined to the kind of isolated and economically unprivileged life that they are living. As a student with a Master’s degree in Road & Railway Engineering, I can never maintain a tranquil state of mind whenever I read of stories of this kind. I tell myself that I have the obligation and responsibility to help halt this dire reality. For this reason, I am determined to seek a Ph. D. program in Communication & Transportation at your esteemed university, a program that will enable me to reward my country with my knowledge of the advanced transportation engineering technology in the world. Of course, I am soberly aware that to be accepted into your highly-respected program I will inevitably be faced with fierce competitions. Nevertheless, my sound academic background, rich work experience and the ability to undertake independent academic research all testify to my qualifications as a worthy candidate for your program.

My choice for Industrial and Civil Airport Construction and Highway Airport Construction and Highway during my undergraduate program at the Department of Civil Engineering and Architecture, _ University, seemed to have derived from my family tradition. My father has long been a construction engineer and my interest in civil engineering grew as I saw my father working on construction plans and drawings and picking up bits and pieces of civil engineering knowledge. My academic performance at _ University, which is a key university in the country, has been consistently characterized by top ranking, receiving Student of Excellence award for four consecutive years. My solid and comprehensive academic foundation and outstanding performance came to the attention of the renowned airport construction expert Prof. _X, under whose direction I undertook my graduation project Design of an Airport Runway. In this project, I completed the overall design of a civil airport together with the airport’s roadnet. The roadnet design fully met the relevant national standards and the overall airport layout was rationally designed, leading to unanimously positive evaluation by the reviewing panel.

My undergraduate program was immediately followed by a postgraduate program at _ University, into which I was enrolled in my capacity as the top performer in the entrance examination. On a fiercer lever of competition, I doubled my academic efforts and managed to be among the top five in my class, winning “Class-A” scholarships. My active involvement in research also bore fruits. I published several research papers, including _, in such central natural science journals as _ and _.

Entitled Study of the Low-Noise Mechanism of the Asphalt Pavement, my Master’s thesis focused on those issues: the mechanism of noise production of tyres, the parameters affecting the tyre’s noise, the noise-absorbing mechanism of asphalt pavement and the pavement configuration parameters affecting the low-noise asphalt pavement. The thesis offered in-depth analysis of the effective voidage of the asphalt pavement and the pavement thickness as major factors in reducing the noise production. The new subject as well as the unique perspectives of my thesis won positive comments from the reviewing panel who rated my work as “significant for the subsequent research on low-noise asphalt pavement”.

My distinguished academic performance and research potential led to my employment with _ Province Expressway Co., Ltd. which made me responsible for the construction and management of the _ Expressway, a key national project. As a major technical specialist, I was in overall charge of drafting relevant tender documents of pavement，participating in the construction of the roadbed, bridge, and pavement, organizing the spot check of the raw materials for the asphalt pavement, holding meeting to discuss technical details of the asphalt pavement, launching technical trainings and field inspections, implementing the Superpave projects. The accumulation of rich and comprehensive experience in construction and management, and the problem-solving skills, and the ability to work effectively and efficiently, both independently and in teams, are the three most important results I have achieved. Over the past four years, I have been given the “Model Employee” honor in my work performance evaluation.

An equally important component of my employment is my independent research work. Two more papers, Construction Craft and Quality Control of SMA and Application of Superpave in _ Kaiyang Expressway were published in _ (national core journal of highway transportation). Some experts believe my papers offer detailed elaboration on highway SMA and Superpave pavement, providing important reference for the construction of other expressway projects.

While feeling proud for engaging in national-level projects, I have also gained an insider’s knowledge of China’s underdeveloped conditions of civil engineering in road and highway construction. The areas of study that I will focus in my proposed Ph.D. program are closely connected with those conditions—the methods of designing asphalt mixture, predictive evaluation of asphalt pavement performance, quality control of asphalt pavement construction, and the regeneration technology of old asphalt pavement. I expect that through your program I will be extensively exposed to the latest theoretical and technical developments in the world academia and take up fruitful research. If your highly selective program accepts applicants with sound academic performance, rich work experience and promising research potential, I can assert, without any shame of arrogance, that I am exactly the candidate you are looking for.

Yours sincerely,

选择去德国留学本科申请条件

一、德国留学本科申请条件

学历

1、在国内是重点大学的学生只需要完成一个学期的学习时间，就可以进入德国本科读相关专业。

2、在国内是普通大学的学生如果是只读了一个学期的话，是可以进入德国的学校读预科的。

3、在国内是三年专科的学生要学习了三个学期以上才能进入德国的学校读预科。

4、如果你是高中的毕业生，那就不符合德国的大学要求，当然也包括预科也不行，必须要进入国内的大学读书才行。

5、专科的毕业生也要在德国读预科或者是通过预科的考试之后才能申请。

语言

去德国读本科对学生的德语是有一些要求的，德国的每所大学都要求学生有800个小时学习德语的时间，还要参加德语的考试符合要求的才能申请。

1、DSH：这种是对于没有德语基础的学生而作出的要求，当学生满足了这所大学的所有要求(除了语言)之后，就到德国先学习一年的德语，这一年是非常难熬的，你不仅要学习德语，还要适应这里的环境，不过这都是为你进入大学提前做的准备。你在德国学习完一年的德语之后，就参加DSH考试，通过之后就可以去读你想读的专业了。

2、德福考试：这种一般在国内就有考试，想申请德国的本科专业大部分都是要求考到TND4，有一部分的专业是要求能考到TND5的，德福的考试是要比DSH考试要难一点，但是费用是要比它低很多。

3、APS：学生还要通过APS的考试，考试分为面试和笔试，笔试一般都是考专业知识，而面试则是考你的德语语言能力，还有你的学习情况等等。

二、留学德国本科专业与院校

1、机械制造

机械设计制造及其自动化专业的应用型高级工程技术人才，尤其是既能利用计算机进行机械产品的辅助设计，又能应用数控技术进行制造的人才非常紧缺，有着广阔的就业前景。

推荐院校：德累斯顿工业大学、柏林工业大学、汉诺威工业大学、亚琛工业大学、慕尼黑工业大学等等。

2、建筑学

建筑学专业作为建筑行业中的一个学科门类，其重要地位一直颇受重视。当然也一直是高等院校专业就业形势很好的一个专业。其中建筑学专业中的几个分支，像市内设计、园林设计、城市规划等的需求量更是大增，建筑学专业的学生一直是抢手货!

推荐院校：德累斯顿工业大学、包豪斯魏玛大学、杜伊斯堡艾森大学、科隆应用技术大学、慕尼黑应用科技大学等等。

3、计算机工程

华通留学专家指出，计算机涵盖面广，包括硬件、软件。踏入这个行业就知道这个领域的广泛性。挑战与机遇并存，这绝对是一个值得加入并为之付出努力的行业。

推荐院校：杜伊斯堡-艾森大学、开姆尼茨工业大学、锡根大学、康斯坦茨大学、汉诺威大学等等。

4、生物医学工程

如今医学十分发达，医疗器械也在更新换代，而要研制出更为先进的医疗器械，就离不开生物医学工程技术的进步。

推荐院校：安哈尔特大学、伊尔姆瑙理工大学、波鸿大学、汉堡大学、美因茨大学等等。

5、工业设计

广告和包装在商业竞争中的地位越来越被更多的人所重视。优秀的广告和包装设计将为企业和商家带来巨大的利润，同时能欣赏到构思新颖、创意独特的广告和美轮美奂的包装设计，也不失为很大的一种享受。

推荐院校：柏林艺术大学、乌尔姆大学、汉堡造型艺术大学、包豪斯魏玛大学、富特旺根艺术大学等等。

德国留学德福考试详细介绍

一、考试概述

今年由于疫情的原因，德国的各项留学安排就进行了调整，其中对语言的调整就是20xx年只开放一次报名，大家只有一次参加考试的机会，一定要提前进行准备并且及时报名。

在9月14日的下午两点正式开放了报名的渠道，大家现在报名还不晚，在报名之前，要先将自己的个人身份信息及相关的证件准备好，注册和预定是直接在线上进行的，大家要按照流程来。

二、时间安排

报名分为两个阶段，9月14日下午两点要做的是进行个人信息的注册，然后上传自己的照片;9月17日下午两点可以开始预定自己的考位，并且在线上支付考试的费用，报名会在9月22日下午两点截止。

考试前大家要对考试的内容和模式进行熟悉，接受德福考试的培训，11月2日下午两点开始打印准考证;正式的考试日期是11月7日，大家之前前往预定的考场进行考试。

三、考场要求

今年国内的考场有三个，大家在进入学校之前，要接受扫描检查和安全检查，还要测量体温，确认自己的所有情况都符合进入考场的要求，还需要全称带好口罩保障自己和其他人的安全。

进入考场还要再次重复进入学校的时候接受的各项检查，大家要安静进行确认;考试结束之后，要带上自己的所有东西，尽快的离开考场，同样也需要保持安静不要进行喧哗。

四、德语要求

作为德国高校授课和日常社交的语言，大家去德国读书，是必须要掌握德语的，虽然学习的难度不小，但是是必须要掌握的技能，大家在国内可以先接受入门的学习，到了德国之后再继续学习。

学生入学接受专业的授课，是必须要拿到B2以上的等级认证才行的，这样对大家和学校都会有好处，而且在使用的熟练度上也要比较高，口语是非常重要的。

2022德国读书留学申请书【通用】

20xx德国读书留学申请书

Dear _,

An experienced engineer of security printing with China’s Central Bank, I now would like to scale higher intellectual heights by pursuing Ph. D. studies in mechanical engineering at your university. I believe that my strong background in CAD has adequately prepared me to embark on this endeavor.

I have been working since 1996 for the People’s Bank of China, a Chinese version of the Federal Reserve, at its unique research institute of security printing, with the responsibility of designing the Chinese currency and the machinery to produce it. By engaging me in a variety of projects, the job afforded me ample exposure to cutting-edge developments in computer technologies, particularly in CAD software. I have, for example, recently redeveloped a purchased CAD (Computer Aided Design) software to make it more suitable for our own purposes. By adding our own part/subassembly to the database and make our own drawing criteria, we have achieved dramatically better efficiency.

My job performance, which has won me professional respect from all of my colleagues, was achieved thanks to the strong background I acquired as a student in computer science. My undergraduate GPA ranked first among the 63 students of classmates in mechanical department, for which I was awarded first-class and second-class prizes many times. My graduate GPA ranked among the top 4% of the 105 students in my year, which won me the “San Hao” scholarship every year during the three years of my graduate studies.

Unlike many other Chinese students, who are content with performing well in exams, I made a point of learning through my own hands-on experiences. In the Master’s program at the Beijing Institute of Printing, I gained an in-depth understanding of artificial intelligence, including expert system and genetic algorithm, especially in neural network. For my thesis, I programmed a multi-level BP neural network with C language to analyze my mathematical model, and applied much of my knowledge in optimization. I thus became able to program with a host of different computer languages, especially C++, with which I helped my graduate advisor to design a paper-cutting machine. To analyze the mechanism statically and dynamically, I programmed a software system to analyze and emulate it on screen. In undergraduate studies, I had often programmed with Fortran77 and the Basic language.

Upon the completion of my Master’s studies, I easily passed the doctoral record examination in CAD/CAM of Beijing University, one f the top universities in China. But I gave up the opportunity in order to gain more practical experience in the industry. The decision proved to be right, as it guaranteed me better access to sophisticated facilities, such as state-of-the-art personal computers. With the People’s Bank of China, I have thus accumulated solid expertise in many kinds of operating and application software systems, particularly in CAD. I now have a firm grip on the latest developments in computer science in China.

The challenges I met and the successes I achieved at the People’s Bank have not only endowed me with confidence but also fired off my desire to further improve myself. I have enjoyed high-quality and efficient production with the use of a kind of PC-based CAD software, MDT, developed by Autodesk Corporation. I now have a dream: some day, every person can design his favorite product with some sort of CAD software, and then search for an ideal factory over high-speed internet its production; and the factory will put specifications of the product, as it has received them via the high-speed internet into its CIMS, and out pops the product, as designed, at the end of the factory’s production line. It is a beautiful dream for every engineer, but many difficulties the speed of data-transfer and how to manage the product data among CAD, CAM, CAPP and CAE systems. These questions are fascinating, and I would like to come up with my own answers to them.

To prepare myself for advanced studies in your country, I have persisted in improving my English proficiency. As demonstrated by my score of 700 (96%) in the verbal section of GRE, I now have an adequate command of English for undertaking graduate studies in your program.

After carefully comparing the strengths of many universities, I find Mercy University particularly suited for my purpose. It has got the best combination of quality faculty, many state-of-the-art facilities, and an intriguing academic environment. Currently, China still lags significantly behind Western countries in mechanical engineering. I hope that, with a few years of graduate studies under your seasoned guidance, I will be able to return to my motherland and help bring mechanical engineering in my country to international standards.

Although my ultimate objective is a Ph. D. degree, I am willing to do a Master’s degree if necessary. In either case, I would like to concentrate my studies in one or a combination of the following areas: CAD, CAM, CIMS, Computer graphics, Mechanical design, Mechanical manufacturing, Optimization, Artificial intelligence, and Robotics. Your favorable evaluation of my application will be highly appreciated.

Yours sincerely,

德国留学生住宿指南

一、宿舍申请

一般学校的宿舍申请，是随着专业的申请一起开放的，而且一直会持续到学校开学之前，不过提供的数量不多，需要早申请才有机会成功，入住后一个月的租金大概在1000元左右。

直接在学校的官方网站上找到申请的入口，完善个人的身份之后，直接提交入住的申请，如果名额还有的话，会很快获取成功的通知，这时候直接确认然后缴纳费用即可。

二、租房申请

1.订房

租房一般需要通过中介进行，大家需要找到靠谱的中介，签下合同之后会有专门的人员对接你的申请，大家将自己对房子的要求告诉给中介，就可以直接获取大致符合要求的房源。

在进行硬件和软件的对比，确认下自己比较满意的房子，这时候先不要直接签租房的合同，预付定金定下房子即可，后续还需要进行现场的考察，没有其它问题之后才能够签合同。

2.看房

大家到了德国之后，要尽快的联系中介看房子，这时候一般房东也会在场，要求中介配合自己进行 房子的各项检查，需要保证没有安全的隐患，周边的配套设施也要进行考察。

确认之后需要和房东签下租房的合同，需要规定好双方的职责，以及大家要交的房租具体金额和缴费的方式，以及需要负责的日常费用的分配，确认自己有使用房子的权利。

3.缴费

租房的费用会比大家住校贵一些，而且要知道的是单人间和和租房的价格也是不同的，整体上合租的价格会便宜一些，当然优缺点也是不一样的，根据自己的需求进行选择。

大家需要确认自己每个月的房租是多少，水费、电费等的价格和缴费的方式，一定要提前将缴费人的名字切换成自己，这样后续才能够避免麻烦。

德国留学就业前景介绍

一、回国就业

1.现状

国内的经济，目前正处在一个飞速发展的时期，需要有足够多的专业人才的支撑，才能够保证这一优势，而拥有他国学习和实践经历的留学生，自然会更加受到欢迎，能够为国家效力。

2.政策

政府鼓励企业直接参加德国的高校举办的招聘会，而各地的政府在每年留学生的毕业季，也会组织招聘会，为企业和学生之间搭起桥梁，能够满足双方的需求。

3.优势

最基础的就是语言，即便不是语言专业的学生，德语的水平也是非常不错的;然后就是专业的技能，在德国接受的是和国内不一样的体系的教学，但是理论上是有共同点的，而且在创意和实践上更有优势。

4.前景

德国有不少企业，在国内的发达地区，设置有分部或者合资公司，能够为学生提供不少就业的岗位;而拥有专业知识的学生，可以在本土企业中找到合适的工作，从而实现价值。

二、留在德国

1.现状

德国的经济发展目前市场最缺少的，就是年轻的劳动力，每年政府都需要从海外引进大量的移民，而对于在本国学习的留学生，自然是特别的重视的，

2.政策

完成学业的学生，可以合法的停留半年的时间，还可以申请找工作签证最长是一年，大家只要能够顺利的入职，那么就可以直接申请工签，后续递交移民的申请，也会有优先审理的权利。

3.优势

中德两国的经济往来是非常密切的，经济上的交流也很频繁，不管是去中国投资的德国企业，还是来德国投资的中国企业，对于精通德语和中文的人才，都是非常青睐的。

4.前景

对于直接留在德国求职，大家在学校内学到了知识，是可以直接利用的，因为本土化的特色会更加明显，可以直接的应用，不像回国可能还需要进行调整和适应，一般学生的就业年薪都在30万元年以上。

2022硕士留学德国申请书【通用】

20xx硕士留学德国申请书

Dear _,

Whilst there is depth enough in examining the aesthetic beauty of well constructed prose for it to warrant study in itself, it is not primarily for this reason that I wish to read English literature. To be 'a fly on the wall in a far wider array of times and places', as A. C. Grayling puts it, 'is the gift that comes from thoughtful reading of even the most averagely good novels.' An integral part therefore of a novel's value to us is, in my opinion, its ability to transport us to a time or situation alien to our own. In this way our knowledge and potential to learn can be immeasurably expanded by the possibility of vicarious experience. Be it through the satire of Chaucer, the emotional articulacy of Shakespeare or the bleak frankness of Orwell, good literature can, and should, enlighten us to some degree about life, furthering our understanding of our fellow human beings.

Shakespeare and Chaucer are, among others, writers I have had the good fortune to study at A-level. Through the plays 'Hamlet' and 'Antony and Cleopatra' and the Tales of the Franklin and Merchant, tragedy and the ideal of courtly romance, are key themes I have explored. I have, however, delighted in alternative interpretations, particularly of the Canterbury tales, making me especially excited about studying the critical theory component of an English degree. I am aware that the restrictions of the A-level syllabus have perhaps resulted in a narrow, monocultural examination of rich texts and I thus relish the chance that university will bring to broaden my literary horizons.

My complementary 'A' levels, History and Philosophy, highlight further the ubiquity of literature, penetrating almost every other field of study. Just as the plays of Arthur Miller can further our understanding of America's post war 'Red Scare,' so can Dostoyevsky's Crime and Punishment lead us to question the moral values of utilitarianism and our innermost conception of our own identity. Indeed the expression of philosophical concepts within English literature is a topic I would love to explore further at some point during my university study.

I have welcomed the opportunity of sharing this enthusiasm with others during the final year in Sixth Form by helping struggling 12 and 13 year olds at a local comprehensive improve their reading skills. The experience has been particularly rewarding for me, and evocative of my own battle with dyslexia as a younger child. Outside of academia, I enjoy sports, having represented my College 1st XV Rugby team and Hockey 2nd XI. In further pursuit of self-development, I recently undertook a month long 'World Challenge' expedition to Outer Mongolia. The trip, which involved renovating classrooms of a remote primary school, gave me an insight into foreign culture as well as a fresh appreciation of beauty in the natural world. In an effort to complete the 'campfire scene,' I managed to take my acoustic guitar and accompany our singing; I continue to enjoy composing my own songs, inspired by the poetic lyrics of artists such as Bob Dylan.

I feel it is important to emphasise then that my interest in literature is not exclusively limited to its role in providing a window into the unfamiliar. Indeed the intrinsic value and resonating power to convey emotion which lies with 'the best words in their best order' is a fascinating and life-enriching topic of study in its own right. As Aldous Huxley's wonderful, autodidactic savage realises in A Brave New World, the limits of ones language truly are the limits of ones world. In the light of this, I happily anticipate spending the next few years of my life immersed in as many aspects of literature as possible, and subsequently, furthering the expansion my own 'world' through interaction with similarly passionate and like-minded people.

Yours sincerely,

硕士留学德国申请条件

一、背景要求

硕士阶段的学习一般是对专业的要求比较高的，基本上不会设置基础课程，大家要有相关专业的学习背景，才能够跟得上正式的学习，建议大家提交专业直升的申请，是会比较有优势的。

此外就是实习时间等经历的准备，虽然这不是强制的要求，但是这是会为大家加分项项目，可以在国内的时候，就利用假期从事专业相关的实习岗位，这样才会有助于大家的申请。

二、学历要求

申请需要大家完成本科的专业学习，或者基本上已经养成了专业的学习，这样大家才能够确认自己有比较不错的能力，可以跟的上课程的授课进度，这也是学校审核的重点。

大家就需要出示自己的学历证明，一般要求准备好由官方出具的结业证书，或者由学校开具在读证明，一定要进行认证确认有效，这样学校在审核的时候才能够通过。

三、成绩要求

一方面就是是大家在学校就读期间的平均成绩，即GPA需要达到3.5分，才会比较有竞争力，当然申请一些热门的专业，以及一些排名在前面的专业，也会对大家的GPA提出更高的要求。

部分专业，对能力审核会有比较高的要求，对学生来说要进行的就是考试成绩的出示，目前比较多的要求就是GRE和GMAT的考试，属于专业性很强的能力测试考试，需要大家分数达标。

四、语言要求

德国有自己的语言，德语目前在全球的普及度也是比较高的，去德国接受硕士的教学，还是需要进行德语的准备的，而且考试还需要达标，参加的一般都是德福考试，基础的要求是B2。

建议大家早一点开始，这样可以有更长更连贯的时间进行准备，这样有机会在国内就拿到合格的分数，不需要在开始正式的专业学习前，还要进行预科的学习。

德国留学住宿方式一览

一、学生宿舍

高校是会为学生提供宿舍的，但是近几年来德国的留学生数量越来越多，供应赶不上需求，所以大家要想顺利入住的话，必须要在确认了录取之后，尽快去进行登记申请。

目前提供给学生的选择，一般是双人间，可以有效地节省空间并且给予一个比较舒适的环境，独卫独浴是基本的配置，卧室内会有床和书桌以及衣柜，月租在300欧左右。

二、合作公寓

为了缓解校内住宿的压力，大部分学校还会和周边的公寓进行合作，为学生提供一个比较舒适的环境，可选择房型也会比较多，针对预算不同的学生进行设置，单间、双人、多人间都有。

不管房子的大小如何，都是会配有卫浴和厨房，可以满足大家日常生活和做饭的需求，一般合租会比单独住要便宜，而且通过学校申请也会更加有保障一些，租金一个月需要300-500欧。

三、私人住房

想自己找房子的话，则需要选择靠谱的方式，而且自己要有进行筛选和甄别，可以通过中介或者自己去studenten-wg、studenten-wohnung、easywg、wg-gesucht、mitwohnzentrale、homecompany筛选。

这种方式租房要求大家再确认之前，对房子进行认真的检查，并且要和房东签好受保障的合同，方便后续进行维权，一般来说合约是一年起签的，租金也提前约定好。

四、寄宿家庭

还有少部分的学生，会选择以寄宿的形式的形式住在本地的家庭内，这样可以让大家更好的对德国的习俗有亲密的了解，还可以在家庭成员的帮助下，适应本地的生活。

一般申请需要通过官方的平台进行，大家可以先列出自己的需求，会为你进行筛选和推荐，然后大家可以直接和寄宿家庭进行沟通，服务会从大家入境开始，直接结束寄宿。

2022德国留学申请书范文【通用】

20xx德国留学申请书

Dear _,

I am a thinker, but not one to think out loud. I love myself, but am not in love with the sound of my own voice. I want to be loved, but not at the cost of not loving myself. I want to know everything, but realize that nothing can ever be known for sure. I believe that nothing is absolute, but I can absolutely defend my beliefs. I understand that chance is prevalent in all aspects of life, but never leave anything important to chance. I am skeptical about everything, but realistic in the face of my skepticism. I base everything on probability, but so does nature…probably.

I believe that all our actions are determined, but feel completely free to do as I choose. I do not believe in anything resembling a God, but would never profess omniscience with regard to such issues. I have faith in nothing, but trust that my family and friends will always be faithful. I feel that religion is among the greatest problems in the world, but also understand that it is perhaps the ultimate solution. I recognize that many people derive their morals from religion, but I insist that religion is not the only fountainhead of morality. I respect the intimate connection between morality and law, but do not believe that either should unquestioningly respect the other.

I want to study the law and become a lawyer, but I do not want to study the law just because I want to become a lawyer. I am aware that the law and economics cannot always be studied in conjunction, but I do not feel that either one can be properly studied without an awareness of the other. I recognize there is more to the law than efficiency, but believe the law should recognize the importance of efficiency more than it does. I love reading about law and philosophy, but not nearly as much as I love having a good conversation about the two. I know that logic makes an argument sound, but also know that passion makes an argument sound logical. I have philosophical beliefs informed by economics and economic beliefs informed by philosophy, but I have lost track of which beliefs came first. I know it was the egg though.

I always think very practically, but do not always like to think about the practical. I have wanted to be a scientist for a while now, but it took me two undergraduate years to figure out that being a scientist does not necessarily entail working in a laboratory. I play the saxophone almost every day, but feel most like an artist when deduction is my instrument. I spent one year at a college where I did not belong and two years taking classes irrelevant for my major, but I have no regrets about my undergraduate experience. I am incredibly passionate about my interests, but cannot imagine being interested in only one passion for an entire lifetime.

I love the Yankees, but do not hate the Red Sox. I love sports, but hate the accompanying anti-intellectual culture. I may read the newspaper starting from the back, but I always make my way to the front eventually. I am liberal on some issues and conservative on others, but reasonable about all of them. I will always be politically active, but will never be a political activist. I think everything through completely, but I am never through thinking about anything.

I can get along with almost anyone, but there are very few people without whom I could not get along. I am giving of my time, but not to the point of forgetting its value. I live for each moment, but not as much as I worry about the next. I consider ambition to be of the utmost importance, but realize that it is useless without the support of hard work. I am a very competitive person, but only when competing with myself. I have a million dreams, but I am more than just a dreamer. I am usually content, but never satisfied.

Yours sincerely,

选择德国留学申请条件

一、学历要求

如果想要去德国留学的你申请的是本科，211大学同学必须修满一个学期并提供1个学期合格成绩单，非211同学则需在国内修满至少3个学期并提供3个学期合格成绩单。如果申请德国留学研究生则需要提供在校的6个学期的合格成绩单。

二、语言要求

德国留学申请德语授课最少提供800课时证明或者德福，DSH，歌德学院证书。申请英语授课需要提供雅思6.5的成绩，部分专业要求作品。部分英语授课的项目可能会需要收取一定的学费。

三、开学时间

德国高校主要分两次开学，4月和10月，其中10月为主要的开学季。

(1)10月开学：德语授课7月15全部截止申请，艺术生考试邀请函4月左右截止，6-8月考试：

(2)4月开学：1月15全部截止申请，艺术生11月大多结束申请考试邀请涵，1-2月参加学校考试。

四、学校类型

德国高校主要分为3类：

综合类大学：又称研究类大学，主要培养学者或科研工作者，这类学校的课程及研究课题具有很强的专业性。本科学制三年，硕士学制1-2年。例如：慕尼黑大学，柏林工业大学，波鸿大学，亚琛工业大学等。

应用类大学：又称应用技术大学，此类课程更注重应用型人才的专业培养，取得的学位与研究类大学都获得全球认可，只是课程设置有差别，且穿插有实习。本科学制三年，硕士学制1-2年。例如：亚琛应用技术大学，安哈尔特应用技术大学等。

艺术类院校：此类课程为艺术类学生设定的专业方向的培养，取得的学位都获得全球认可。例如：柏林艺术大学，富克旺根大学等

五、APS审核

最后需要重点科普一下APS审核部。它主要工作是对预备赴德留学的中国申请人的入学资格和学历的真实性进行审核，并为通过审核者出具相应的审核证书。简单地说，审核部就是审查中国学生学历真实性的一个机构，所以在参加APS审核前请务必了解清楚大学的专业究竟学了什么。

APS的审核结果有两个，一个是你的课程成绩，因为国内采用的是百分制，而德国用的是比较特殊的算法(1分满分，4分及格)要达到德国入学要求，一般要达到平均分2.5分。也就是国内百分制平均分80分左右。另一个是你的面试成绩，比如优秀/良好/中等/受限。课程成绩只和你的大学成绩有关，和APS面试完全无关。面试成绩的评价由两块组成，一块是普通问题(占15%)，另一块是专业问题(85%)

申请德国留学流程介绍

一、确定学校

一般的准备都需要提前至少一年，至少需要先确认留学的目标，给自己留够时间，对学校和专业进行了解，应该成为大家获取正规信息的来源，了解学校的硬件实力和提供的服务。

而看排名则是大家参考的内容，要联同专业一起进行了解，此外他人的评价也是获取信息的重要来源，但是大家需要进行筛选，对于个人的评价只需要参考不要被过分的影响，要主观与客观结合。

二、准备语言

德语是大家需要额外花时间准备的部分，因为这是大家没有接触过的新语言，不管大家是想拿到合格成绩进行直接入学的申请，还是先打基础再去德国接受培训，都需要认真准备。

国内就有不错的培训机构，能够帮助留学生进行不同程度的训练，如果可以提升能力到参加德福考试的水平更好，直接提交材料即可，没合格的学生也不用着急，德国会为大家提供语言课程。

三、整理材料

申请是需要留学生提交证明的材料的，这部分需要大家特别注意要求，既要保证所有材料的齐全，又要确保自己准备的内容是符合要求的，所以要特别用心按照标准来。

硬件学术需要由官方开证明，包括学校的毕业证和德语的成绩单，而软件中比较重要的自然就是简历和推荐信这类文书，能够通过中介进行整理和修改会对申请更有利。

四、提交申请

等到学校开放了申请之后直接将自己的申请表和材料进行提交，要确认相关部门受到了自己的申请，并且进入审核，可以直接在上追踪自己的材料审核进度，要和学校保持联系。

一个月之后就应该可以陆续的收到学校的审核结果了，进行对比选择自己最满意的一所，确认了录取之后一般还需要缴纳学费或者留位费，后续办签证的时候需要出示。

简洁德国2022入学留学申请书【通用】

简洁德国20xx入学留学申请书

Dear _,

On November 9, 20_, I took my GRE Subject (BIOLOGY) test. Although I it is beyond me to report the exact number of the participants in this specific test the world over, the score I achieved indicated to me that I was above 98%, and according to the analysis by my classmates, this might be the highest score that Chinese students have ever achieved. While I was aware that the importance of any test score as an indicator of one’s scholastic aptitudes should never be over-exaggerated, the result still gave me a tremendous sense of self-pride and self-achievement. I believe that I achieved such a high score not through mere coincidence. Instead, it is the result of my long-time love for and dedicated efforts at biology. With an implicit faith in my knowledge of biology and in my potential to continue to excel others, I here solemnly file this document in an attempt to apply for admission into your esteemed university for a Master’s program in pharmacology.

I am confident in my qualifications as a competitive applicant for your highly respected program, partially because of my unusual interest in pharmacology. As a bridge across medical science and pharmacy, pharmacology plays a vital role in the research on the ways to resist diseases. The exploration and the subsequent elaboration on the mechanism of therapeutic functioning of drugs is a necessary step in the development and application of drugs to overcome diseases. Faced with this academic discipline that is inextricably connected with human life and human welfare, I have always been fascinated by this subject, bent on making my own contributions to the improvement of the quality of human life. Every time I learn about new theories, approaches and developments in biology and pharmacology, I cannot help feeling excited. Each setback I encounter or each success I achieve in my experiments would motivate me to persist and continue. It is this fascination with biology and pharmacology that stands behind my dedicated studies and research in those subjects.

The 4-year comprehensive and systematic study and training in the specialty of pharmacy guaranteed my successful completion of my undergraduate program at the College of Medicine of _ University, the best medical institute in China. In an academic environmental famous for its rigorousness, I established a solid foundation in such diverse fields as biology, chemistry, biochemistry, pharmacology, pathology, physiology, and cell biology. As I approached my studies primarily from a problem-oriented manner, devoting much more energy to labwork than to coursework in order to satisfy my curiosity for solving practical problems, my overall GPA is somehow affected, slightly lower than what I would have desired. In my case, GPA, which is purely based on exam scores, does not account much. In retrospect, I have been more concerned with developing my hands-on abilities and on developing an extensive knowledge rather than on intensive test-oriented knowledge. Nevertheless, compared with other students, I am sure that I excel them in terms of experimental skills and the ken of knowledge and, for an undergraduate, a good foundation supported by comprehensive specialized knowledge and strong hands-on abilities are most important for more intensive studies in the future.

I have every reason to believe that my excellent experimental skills and research experience will qualify me to be a helpful research assistant to my future supervisor and to make important research achievements. Even when I was a freshman, I started to work as a research assistant in the laboratory. Over the past four years, I have commanded most of the basic skills necessary for undertaking lab research, such as operations on animals, cell culture, electrophoresis experiments, etc. By far, my most important research experience came from undertaking my graduation project, which exemplified an overall test of experimental techniques. I chose to focus on the Effect of Ye3 on the Cell Apoptosis. The reason for choosing this subject of research is that the study of cell apoptosis has a crucial importance in the treatment of cancer and in maintaining the immunity of those suffering from AIDS. On the premise that rare earth ions are considered capable of entering cells, I decided that my project would concentrate on rare earth ions and their effects on cell nucleus. With extensive experiments, I discovered that, under different circumstances, rare earth ions would produce totally different behavior toward cell apoptosis. When the concentration of rare earth ions is below a certain ultimate limit, the function of the ions changes from that of facilitating cell apoptosis to that of suppressing cell apoptosis. As an initial and tentative study, my research has won very positive comments from my advisor. In undertaking a large quantity of experiments, I not only applied basic operation skills with much dexterity but also acquired many new techniques such as making post-coloring observation of the morphology of cell nucleus through the confocal fluorescence microscope, and performing qualitative testing of cell apoptosis with the help of flow cytometry method (FCM).

Having completed my undergraduate education and acquired necessary qualifications, I would like to pursue a more advanced degree program at The Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine at The University of _. The department, founded in the 1950’s, has been greatly strengthened by the joining of dozens of renowned scholars and specialists over each of the past decade. Its mission, “to educate, create and sustain knowledge concerning the actions and mechanisms of drugs in biology and medicine, reflects the Department’s consistent dedication to academic excellence. Your Department fosters research collaborations within the Department as well as with other _ Faculties & Departments, national and international universities and related industries, and is committed to the development of new research areas. I am especially interested in Clinical Pharmacology Research Organization (CPRO) under the leadership of Dr. _.

Your research-oriented program adheres to an “apprenticeship” model of graduate training in which in which graduate students work in close collaboration with a particular Faculty member, their supervisor. Since the matching of research and professional interests between the student and a Faculty member within the Department is paramount, I would like to identify Dr. _ and Dr. X_as either instructor or supervisor with whom I would like to work with. Dr. X_may enlighten me on central nervous system physiology and pharmacology while Dr. X_may instruct me concerning the mechanisms of action and resistance and intracellular pharmacokinetics of antiviral agents. My initial study of their papers and research reveals that their fields of research perfectly parallel my study and research interests. I expect that my Master’s program can ultimately lead to a Ph. D. program.

This Personal Statement is presented by a highly self-motivated Chinese young man who cherishes high academic ambitions, possesses outstanding biology knowledge, and is determined to work harder to make even more proud achievements. For this reason, I hope that my application can be given most serious consideration.

Yours sincerely,

德国艺术留学院校推荐

1、奥芬巴 赫设计学院

奥芬巴 赫设计学院是德国一所的的艺术大学，成立于1832年，设有视觉交流学院和产品设计学院。奥芬巴 赫设计学院针对教学方面设计了艺术相关的学科，开设有6个德国本国设计学硕士专业，如艺术、通讯设计、媒体、舞台设计、服装造型和产品设计专业。综合了理论以及设计，经验以及生产，新兴造型技术及传统造型艺术知识。学生可以根据自身的学科以及条件去申请相关专业。

2、柏林艺术大学

柏林艺术大学是世界上非常的一所艺术类大学，学习艺术的同学大多数应该都有所了解，柏林艺术大学简称UDK，至今已有300多年的历史，柏林艺术大学是世界上为数不多的完全具有大学性质的艺术院校之一。多年来，柏林艺术大学为艺术领域培养了很多的顶尖艺术家，艺术领域的贡献非常之大。

柏林艺术大学设有4个学院：美术，设计，音乐以及艺术表演。学校具有授予学生博士学位的权利，几乎每个学院都有优秀的教授，授课课程也是有上百年的传统。能在这样古老与优质教育的艺术大学里就读，真的是非常的赏心悦目。

3.汉堡美术学院

说到德国的艺术院校，不得不提到汉堡美术学院，汉堡美术学院也是德国有名的艺术院校之一，至今已有200多年的历史，其专业设置非常的多，主要设有雕塑、工业设计、产品设计、印刷、电影、摄影、绘画、视觉艺术、艺术教育等艺术类专业。艺术生留学德国是一个不错的选择。

4、哈雷艺术学院

德国艺术院校，哈雷艺术学院，算是一个有特色的艺术大学，曾用名：哈雷艺术和设计学院。也是一个拥有百年历史的艺术学院，这个院校里有一个专门的专业就是书籍艺术专业，这个专业至今还保留着传统的书籍装帧艺术授课。学生在学习艺术史、美学、哲学等课程的基础上，还可以进行字体设计、平面设计、版画印刷和电子媒体等与书籍设计可以自由转换的多项领域课程的学习。同时还要经历最古老的工坊——魏玛Otto Dorfner工作坊书籍装帧工艺的训练实践，以沿袭莱比锡书籍艺术历史脉络，包豪斯教学理念，以及哈雷大学所秉承的传统与现代、艺术与工学相互融合的作坊式的教学模式，而培养了大批来自世界各国的优秀设计人才。

德国留学就业前景好原因

中国在德留学生中，德国留学回国就业有很多。很多人选择了留学德国海归就业，拿着稳定的德国留学就业收入。在这些人群里，学习经济、信息学、机械和电子的占了绝大多数比例，66%的中国学生希望能在德国先工作一段时间之后再回国就业，有52.3%的中国学生希望在驻华德资企业工作，16.4%的学生希望能有机会在大学任教，11.2%希望在德国本土的企业工作一段时间。

应该说，德国企业需要高水平的留学生促进对华业务的发展，而留学生们也希望能在适合自己的行业做到人尽其才，两者如果能够很好地协调配合，无疑是双赢的结果：德国是世界第三大经济强国，是欧洲经济的火车头，与中国关系友好，且是中国在欧洲的贸易伙伴;德国连续十年成为中国在欧洲的投资伙伴，在中国立足的德企已达6千多家，德企急需大量具有留德背景并熟练掌握德语及专业技术的国际性人才。

同时，中国在德也有2千多家企业，还有80%的在华德国企业希望扩大在中国的经营。中国与德国之间良好而稳健发展的政治、经济、文化等关系，使德国企业对投资中国充满信心。

近年来，除了西门子、奔驰、大众等公司外，每年都有众多的德国企业涌入中国。他们最头痛的事就是不了解中国文化，缺乏相应的人才，于是德国中文报刊上指定招收中国留学生的广告比比皆是。最近毕业的留学生任职德国公司驻华或东南亚代表已是就业定势，进入跨国公司高级管理层的留学生也是屡见不鲜。

从德国企业在中国的分部来看，主要集中在长江三角洲，珠江三角洲以及环渤海湾一带，其中在长江三角洲一带的德国企业占到了60%，这些城市也成为了留德学生回国就业的首选;留德中国学生在德资企业有着得天独厚的优势，比如会德语善于交流，了解西方背景，专业知识扎实等，多数留德学生也有着相当严谨的工作态度。因此德资企业在招聘时会比较偏爱于那些有着留德背景的中国学生。

2022年德国留学申请书应该【通用】

20xx年德国留学申请书应该怎么写

Applied Program：Organizational Behavior

I am interested in the field of study of Organizational Behavior. In the past， I have had the experience of working in settings where the people and the corporate cultures of the companies were all different. I have found that there is a great difference in the both the behaviors of people and of their organizations， depending on whether they are state-owned enterprises (SOEs)， large multinational firms， or small to medium sized foreign enterprises. One simple example is that of the ability of an employee to act independently without direct instructions from his or her boss. In many Chinese organizations， acting without direct instructions is considered a form of disrespect towards the supervisor， who is generally offended by such behavior. In my experience and research， such organizations tend to have low operating efficiency with the employees losing their innate ability to take the initiative.

In contrast， foreign enterprises tend to welcome employees who have the ability to make decisions on their own， though the extent to which this is true depends on whether the supervisor is a local Chinese or an expatriate. These organizat Applied Program：Organizational Behavior

The purpose behind this personal statement is to not only gain admission to your well-established and highly respected Ph.D. program， but to impress upon you my passion for learning and my tremendous desire to succeed in both scholastic research and in teaching on the professional level. I have based my decision to pursue an academic career not on purely practical reasons， but rather on my own natural interests and aptitude. My personal philosophy is that money and social status should not be pursued as life-consuming objectives and that in actuality they are the by-products of goals originating from one's inner needs. I understand that my intellectual capacity is a gift， and I intend to use this gift to the very best of my substantial capabilities.

I am interested in the field of study of Organizational Behavior. In the past， I have had the experience of working in settings where the people and the corporate cultures of the companies were all different. I have found that there is a great difference in the both the behaviors of people and of their organizations， depending on whether they are state-owned enterprises (SOEs)， large multinational firms， or small to medium sized foreign enterprises. One simple example is that of the ability of an employee to act independently without direct instructions from his or her boss. In many Chinese organizations， acting without direct instructions is considered a form of disrespect towards the supervisor， who is generally offended by such behavior. In my experience and research， such organizations tend to have low operating efficiency with the employees losing their innate ability to take the initiative.

德国留学本科申请条件

一、德国留学本科申请条件

学历

1、在国内是重点大学的学生只需要完成一个学期的学习时间，就可以进入德国本科读相关专业。

2、在国内是普通大学的学生如果是只读了一个学期的话，是可以进入德国的学校读预科的。

3、在国内是三年专科的学生要学习了三个学期以上才能进入德国的学校读预科。

4、如果你是高中的毕业生，那就不符合德国的大学要求，当然也包括预科也不行，必须要进入国内的大学读书才行。

5、专科的毕业生也要在德国读预科或者是通过预科的考试之后才能申请。

语言

去德国读本科对学生的德语是有一些要求的，德国的每所大学都要求学生有800个小时学习德语的时间，还要参加德语的考试符合要求的才能申请。

1、DSH：这种是对于没有德语基础的学生而作出的要求，当学生满足了这所大学的所有要求(除了语言)之后，就到德国先学习一年的德语，这一年是非常难熬的，你不仅要学习德语，还要适应这里的环境，不过这都是为你进入大学提前做的准备。你在德国学习完一年的德语之后，就参加DSH考试，通过之后就可以去读你想读的专业了。

2、德福考试：这种一般在国内就有考试，想申请德国的本科专业大部分都是要求考到TND4，有一部分的专业是要求能考到TND5的，德福的考试是要比DSH考试要难一点，但是费用是要比它低很多。

3、APS：学生还要通过APS的考试，考试分为面试和笔试，笔试一般都是考专业知识，而面试则是考你的德语语言能力，还有你的学习情况等等。

德国留学的相关福利解读

一、医疗报销

留学国外有医疗保证是非常有必要的。而留学德国的留学生只要定期按时缴纳医疗保险，就可以和当地本国居民享受同样的医疗待遇福利，只要缴纳医疗保险就相当于加入了当地的医疗体系，所以可以享受同等待遇。

而每个月缴纳的保险费用也并不是很贵，相对来说价格还非常便宜。这里需要注意的是选择缴纳保险的保险公司，选择公立的。

二、持学生证游玩半价

出去留学，在学习的同时，平时大家可以利用节假日出去游玩，这时候只要持学生证购票，就可以享受几乎是成人票价的一半价钱，并且开放的通道还有专门的通道，这样非常的方便。像一些以及私立的博物馆景点，持学生证，有的甚至可以免费进入游览，这样丰富课余生活，也是在开阔留学视野。

三、交通

学生们，每学年在入学的时候，需要交注册费。这个注册费不仅是入学凭证，还是学生在这一个学年出行的票证，凭借这个票证可以在出行的时候免费乘坐公共交通工具。

而这个票证大多数的学校都会直接绑定学生证，这样学生在出行的时候，只要直接出示学生证就可以直接出行了。有一些学校需要凭借学生证额外购买相关交通出行服务，当然手续费也非常的便宜。

四、免税打工

在德国，不管你是打工的兼职还是全职，只要是雇佣关系，就要把每一笔收入的资金进行缴税。税卡也一定要事先办理好。然后在每年固定的时间里，可以要求申请退税，学生退税也包括在其中，并且可以申请全额退税，这样大家只要保存好相关的证明资料，拿好税卡申请即可。

2022德国留学艺术申请书【精选】

20xx德国留学艺术申请书

Dear _,

Success in my school studies and outside interests has given me a secure foundation to embark on a degree course in sport with confidence and excitement

I have thoroughly enjoyed studying physical education at G.C.S.E and A level. The physiological side has been an enjoyable and interesting part of the course. It has enabled me to have a fuller understanding of how the body works especially in relation to practical sport. As well as the academic content of the course I have also enjoyed the practical aspects. At my first secondary school I was a member of the school hockey and netball teams. In my position as captain of the school netball team for four years, I have gained the opportunity and skill to motivate others to succeed. My enthusiasm for netball first came when I was chosen from trials to play for Aylesbury town. I was delighted at the end of that season when I was presented with runner up Player of the Year. I then pursued my netball career by joining the under 16's South Buckinghamshire County netball team. This gave me the opportunity to gain more skills and experience in netball by playing alongside people of a very high standard. As a regular member of the senior school netball team and Aylesbury women's league I am very keen to pursue this interest at university. I also attended a level 1 assistant coach course for netball in June 2002. For the next fourteen weeks I will be working with Active Sports Bucks development programme for netball, coaching one of the satellite academies. This is an exciting opportunity as I will be learning about Sport England's development programme and also be part of it. Working with young children who have an inspiration to play netball will be very beneficial to me. Not only will they be learning something from me but I will be learning from them too. Being a qualified coach and a regular netball player I have developed a number of abilities: being part of a team, listening and learning from others and helping others in a positive and motivating way. These have all helped me to develop transferable skills which can be applied to many situations in every day life. I also enjoy athletics which I participated regularly at the girl's athletics league right up to the end of year eleven. Unable to participate in sixth form I assisted in the girls athletic events when it was held at Aylesbury high school

Studying Communications and Classical Civilisation at A level has helped me to gain a number of skills. Communications has taught me different types of leadership skills which will be very useful to me when coaching, also the importance of non-verbal communication which has helped me to understand and analyse people. But most of all the ability to communicate the most effective way in different situations

By studying Classical Civilisation I have improved my essay writing and the ability to analyse literature. I believe all these skills will help me considerably in my chosen degree course

Working part time as a receptionist in a busy and successful leisure centre has giving me hands on experience in the leisure industry. As a receptionist we held many responsibilities to ensure the smooth running of the centre. From this employment I have gained the experience of excellent customer service skills and a valuable insight in the leisure business. I also enjoy going to the gym and fitness classes. I find that being physically fit helps to improve my mental concentration

Studying a sport related degree will enable me to develop the theory side in more detail to hopefully give me a deeper understanding of the psychological and physiological aspects of sport.

Yours sincerely,

德国留学艺术费用与申请条件

一、德国留学艺术费用

1、学费

在德国的国立大学学习有关专业课程是不用交学费的，一般需要学生每个学期都交一笔注册费100-150欧元(794元到1191元)左右，德国的一些国际课程和超过学习时间的学生要收取学费，一部分的德国的非公立学校也会收取较高的学费。还有德国的一些艺术大学注册费要300欧元(2382元)左右一个学期。

2、生活费

食：德国的大学只在上学期间提供给学生午餐，也有的德国的大学会给学生提供晚餐，在学校吃饭一顿饭的价格是3欧元(23元)左右，其他时候吃饭要自己去解决，平时如果要采购食物的话要去当地的超市。如果是去餐厅吃饭费用是20欧元(158元)一顿饭。

住：房租的价格还是跟所在的城市有关，虽然德国的整体房租价格不是很高，但是在德国的一线城市房租还是相当高的，如果是在德国二三线城市的市中心租一个单身公寓的费用是360欧元(2858元)一个月左右，如果是住在学生宿舍两人间才200欧元(1588元)。如果是在德国的一线城市的市中心租一个单身公寓房租费是1200欧元(9528元)起步，而学生公寓的住宿费就只要600欧元(4764元)左右。

行：交了注册费的同学可以在德国享受免费的交通，这样可以为你每个月节省100欧元(794元)的交通费。

衣：德国的一些衣服店的价格都不是很贵，他们注重的是衣服的实用性，一些衣服的连锁店的只要20欧元(158元)左右，最贵的也有100多欧元(794元)的，在德国也很容易找到适合亚洲人身材的衣服。

医保：德国要求国外来德国读书的学生要在上学期间交医保，交了医保之后可以免掉大部分的治疗费用，一般的医保费是在80-90欧元(635元到714元)一个月。在读语言班的同学只能交私保，私保的费用要低一些是50欧元(397元)左右一个月。

二、德国艺术申请条件

1、学历条件

艺术类专业对于学历也是有着严格的要求的，虽然不要求学生必须是毕业，但是必须要正常完成基本的学业，并取得毕业证。

如果是申请本科艺术留学，那么要出示高中毕业证;如果是申请硕士艺术留学，那么要出示本科阶段的毕业证和学位证。

2、语言条件

申请德国的艺术类专业和申请其他专业的语言要求是差不多的，而且在同等学力之下，还可以适当的放宽语言的要求

不过如果语言达不到基本要求的话，也不用害怕落选，因为在德国面对艺术生的才能使非常看重的，大家可以申请进行天赋考试，如果分数高，可以进行破格录取。

3、作品集

艺术生除了要准备基本的留学申请材料之外，还需要准备一项特殊的材料，那就是作品集。

不同的抓也需要准备的作品集类型是不一样的，总体不变的原则就是要展示自己的水平、条幅和能力，让审核官看到你的亮点。

4、专业能力考试

大多数的德国高校，会对申请艺术留学的学生，进行入学的专业能力测试。

绘画和雕塑会考验其基本功，而设计类会考察其进行基础的设计流程，音乐类专业会让其当场表演一段制定的曲目，这些是为了后续对学生的培养方案进行补充和调整的测试。

德国留学好的大学盘点

一、曼海姆大学

曼海姆大学(德语：Universit?t Mannheim)是位于德国巴登符腾堡州曼海姆市的一所较年轻的大学。学校坐落于曼海姆宫。曼海姆大学共有五个学院，分别是国际经济学及法学院，企业经济学学院，社会科学学院，人文科学学院，经济信息学及经济数学学院。曼海姆大学的经济学极富盛名。

二、慕尼黑大学

慕尼黑大学(德语：Ludwig-Maximilians-Universit?t München)公元1472年，由巴伐利亚-兰茨胡特公国的路德维希公爵所创建，为欧洲历史最为悠久的大学之一。20xx年10月，慕尼黑大学成为德国为提升大学研究质量的“德国大学卓越计划”中的“精英大学”之一，并且为首轮第一批入选的三所学校之一。慕尼黑大学在各类世界大学排行中均居50之列。

三、哥廷根大学

哥廷根大学(德语：Georg-August-Universit?t G?ttingen)，哥廷根大学属于传统的大学城，是“没有校门和围墙的大学”。哥廷根拥有十分辉煌的历史，名人辈出，蜚声世界，高斯、普朗克、俾斯麦、韦伯、叔本华、海涅、洪堡(洪堡大学创始人)、季羡林等等为其校友。20xx年10月至20xx年5月期间为德国第二轮“精英大学”所评选的德国九所精英大学之一。

四、柏林洪堡大学

柏林洪堡大学(德语：Humboldt-Universit?t zu Berlin，HU Berlin)，是德国首都柏林最古老的大学，于1809年由普鲁士教育改革者及语言学家威廉·冯·洪堡及弟弟亚历山大 · 冯 · 洪堡所创立，是第一所新制的大学，对于欧洲乃至于全世界的影响都相当深远。柏林洪堡大学20xx年6月入选为11所德国“精英大学”之一。

五、海德堡大学

海德堡大学(德语：Ruprecht-Karls-Universit?t Heidelberg)，海德堡大学为欧洲研究型大学联盟及科英布拉集团、欧洲大学协会之创始会员，20xx年10月19日，德国“精英大学”评选，海德堡大学名列德国九所精英大学之一。至20xx年为止，累计有33位诺贝尔奖得主及至少18位莱布尼兹奖得主曾于此求学、任教或研究，为德国乃至于欧洲研究型大学。国际排名常年稳定在全球50。

六、马尔堡大学

马尔堡大学，(德语：Philipps-Universit?t Marburg)，是一所位于德国黑森州马尔堡的大学，1527年由黑森-卡塞尔伯爵菲利普一世创办，是世界上第二所新教大学。马尔堡大学毕业生中诞出多名诺贝尔化学奖获得者。人文学科方面以神学和哲学著称。

七、弗莱堡大学

弗莱堡大学(Albert-Ludwigs-Universit?t Freiburg)，该校建校于1457年，是德国最为古老的大学之一。学校由11个院系组成，有着教授人文、社会科学和自然科学的传统。20xx年10月至20xx年5月为德国“精英大学”第二轮评选的德国九所精英大学之一。迄今学校共产生过13位莱布尼茨奖(德国科研荣誉)获得者以及19位诺贝尔奖得主。

八、图宾根大学

图宾根大学(Eberhard Karls Universit?t in Tübingen)，是德国最古老的大学之一，在自然科学和人文科学领域都享有盛名。黑格尔、开普勒、基辛格、乔冠华等为其校友。20xx年入选成功第二阶段德国精英计划，成为德国11所“精英大学”之一。

九、波恩大学

波恩大学(德语：Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universit?t Bonn)，波恩大学的前身是1777年创建的科隆公国学院，当时有神学、法学、医学和哲学四个系。波恩大学校友有杜登(杜登词典)、阿登纳、哈贝马斯、舒曼、威廉二世(德国皇帝)等。

十、莱比锡大学

莱比锡大学(德语：Universit?t Leipzig)位于德国萨克森州的莱比锡，创立于1409年，是欧洲最古老的大学之一，也是现今德国管辖地区内历史第二悠久的大学，仅次于海德堡大学(1386年)。校友有德国总理默克尔、莱布尼兹、歌德、尼采、历史学家兰克、让·保罗、蔡元培、辜鸿铭、林语堂等等。医学专业是莱比锡大学最知名的专业。

2022留学德国慕尼黑大学申请书【范文】

留学德国慕尼黑大学申请书

Dear _,

President [Name], Faculty, Parents, Classmates, and Guests, I am honored to stand here today as your valedictorian. The path that led me to this podium required hard work, determination, courage, and motivation. These are qualities that I also admire in my classmates, and I am proud to be a part of this class and this college. Today, we look to our horizons and see the future stretched out before us. This should also be a day when we remember and pay tribute to our pasts.

The path that led me here took an important turn one seemingly ordinary day in high school. I sat in class as my 10th grade history teacher continued our unit on World War II. On this day, he split the class into small groups and told us that we would be taking the perspective of the various countries that were involved in World War II in a debate. As he distributed the names of countries, each group hoped to open its paper and see America?written in bold letters. When our group received the folded slip, we opened it and read it with dismay: Japan. Thinking we were sure to lose the debate, we settled down to prepare our explanation for attacking Pearl Harbor. After a few minutes, I realized that I was coming up with logical reasons for this attack, and was shocked that it was possible to think this way. I found myself able to understand an action that I had believed impossible to justify. Though I still believed that the attack was wrong, I understood that there was another side to the issue, and that there was a reason behind the actions of this side.

From this experience arose a desire to enter the field of foreign policy. I wanted to develop and use my ability to understand the logic of other nations?choices and, by doing so, to help our country relate to those nations. I decided to study the philosophies behind international politics and to develop my own theories in that area. Eager to start on this career path, I joined the student government to experience the workings of politics on a small scale. While I served as class representative my junior year, and the school vice president my senior year, I succeeded in resolving issues through my ability to take another's perspective.

My experience in student government fueled my desire to study politics. I opted to take Advanced Placement European History my senior year, and learned to analyze the past as a way of predicting outcomes in the future. As I prepared for college, I sought a program that would allow me to work with some of the best professors in the field and that would offer opportunities to work in government offices, become involved with student government, and join campus political groups. I chose [name of college].

At [Name of college], I excelled in my courses, driven by my passion for political theory and policy. I became involved in the student government, and was proud to represent my school as the student council president. Working with my one of my professors over the summer, I co-authored and published an article on the foreign policy changes in post-World War II Japan. Through our gracious alumni, I was given the chance to work as an intern on Capitol Hill, where my knowledge of foreign policy was supplement by hands-on experience.

Standing here today, I am thankful for all the opportunities, support, and knowledge that allowed me to travel this path. I look forward to my career and to success in my chosen field as I continue to travel. Looking back, I know that I possess the qualities of determination, strength and understanding. These qualities, in combination with my experiences, will allow me to bring positive change to the world through my work. I encourage you, my classmates, to look back with pride upon the path that has led you here, and to use your individual strengths and experiences to better the world that has offered us so many opportunities.

In China these days, university graduates who have not been lucky enough to settle into their dream jobs often look to graduated studies as a way to kill the time that they cannot otherwise spend meaningfully. I am prepared to go against the social conventions by putting on hold a successful research career that promised to be even more successful. With eight years of productive and highly valued practical research behind me, I now would like to revert to a more intellectual life so that I can conduct more theoretical discourses.

Quite some of my friends have trouble understanding my decision.Why did you not take the opportunity eight years ago, they would ask, when your alma mater offered to admit you as a graduate student without any hassle? Indeed, I declined to become a graduate student in 1991, when Q university arguably China's best higher-learning institution, made it clear to me that I would be exempted from the normally mandatory qualifying examinations in case I wanted to do graduate studies there. To many of my friends, I should have taken advantage of that opportunity if I had really wanted to become an intellectual.

Well, I have always wanted to be an intellectual. But I thought that a good intellectual has to ground his or her theoretical discourses n comprehensive knowledge of the social reality. And that is what I have been trying to do since high school.

In 1985, I took part in the National University Entrance Examination, which are held once a year nationwide to screen the country's high school graduates for post-secondary education, and scored a total of grades that was the second best in Henan Province (with a population close to 100 million). With such an academic record, I could have chosen a more fashionable or potentially profitable major such as law or business administration. Instead I opted for biological engineering and entered into the Qinghua's Department of Biological Engineering with a total of grades in the National University Entrance Examinations better than that of any of my fellow students. In 1989, I graduated with an academic record that was, in overall terms, the second best in the crop of graduates of that year.

Upon graduation, I secured a job with the Shenzhen Social Science Academy, which serves, as the municipal government's most resourceful and most important think-tank. As you may very well know, Shenzhen borders Hong Kong, the Pearl of the Orient. As China's first and most successfulspecial economic zone, it has pioneered many, if not most, of China's far-reaching economic reforms, and in the process it has grown from a village of several thousand to an ultra-modern city of several million people, all in 16 years. The Academy is charged with coming up with new policy proposals or conducting feasibility studies on various policy proposals. In either case, the Academy must analyze and predict the effect or consequences of the policy implementation, and the city's politicians would make their decisions in reference to or even reliance on the Office's research reports.

Since I was trained in Biology, I was at first assigned to do data recording and other statistical work on medical care related topics. But, within two years, I began to do research independently. Starting from the third year, I have been in charge of a group of 12 in various research projects. In 1994, I directed a major study on the municipal government's proposed reform of the city's medical care system, and, on the basis of the research results, came up with some specific suggestions in terms of what reforms should be undertaken and how they should be carried out. The study was a resounding success.

At the time, many of my colleagues, my supervisor included thought that the study was related to the reform of the medical care system in Shenzhen only. I respectfully disagreed. Shenzhen, I argued, would probably serve as an example in the medical care reform area, as it often does in many other areas. In fact, the country's top leadership opened the city up as their firstspecial economic zone with the specific purpose of making it a trail-blazer in the country's reform process. I f Shenzhen was to fulfill its mission, it had to come up with policies that would be applicable to other parts of the country as well.

Having convinced my supervisor of the merits of my thinking, I designed a research plan that involved the combined use of three research methods: sample survey, case study and participatory research. The country was divided into several major parts, and for each part, a given number of representative cities were chosen, to which my investigators were sent. The subjects of the investigation included ordinary city residents, government officials, medical providers and insurance companies, who were all asked about their feelings and expectations about the medical care reform. We also took Hong Kong's medical care system into consideration, as Hong Kong, with its striking resemblance to Shenzhen in terms of its culture and values provides an obvious reference point for Shenzhen's policy deliberations.

On the basis of all the data gathered, I made the following proposals to address the problems that beset the city's medical system at the time:

Revoke the traditional system that mandated the employer's full reimbursement of all of any employee's total medical cost, replacing it with a new system in which the employer is required to pay 90 per cent and the employee 10 per cent of the cost of any ordinary medical care. In this system, the employees would be issued special magnetic medicare card that could only be used in designated hospitals.

The insurance companies would simultaneously be required to offer new types of insurance policies to cover extraordinary cost associated with grave illnesses, and it would be up to the reidents to pay the insurance premiums themselves.

The scheme, meant to rein in the excessive medical cost for employers without putting too much of a burden on employees, was first put into trial of ten of Shenzhen's large stateowned enterprises. Half a year later, it was enforced throughout the city. Soon, positive assessments of the scheme flowed in from private corporations and public institutions alike. It significantly reduced the excessive medical cost, and most of the money saved was spent on fitness and recreation programs that employees generally enjoyed. Both employers and employees thus benefited from the scheme. The scheme also had the added advantage of stabilizing the prices of medication at a reasonable level.

From 1995 on, most of the large and medium cities begun to imitate Shenzhen's medicare reforms with positive results. The scheme has thus had nationwide impact.

Public policy as a social science is a comparatively new discipline in China, and it is still weak in both theoretical frameworks and practical research methodologies. The use of sophisticated research as a basis for policy decisions is still a new phenomenon. There are not many students and scholars in this area, and even fewer can claim genuine expertise. In fact, most people tend to ignore public policy research, thinking that it does not have the kind of utility as computer science nor the kind of sophistication as philosophy. It is a state of affairs to lament about, and I consider it my mission to change it.

My work experience has taught me on where I am still inadequately prepared for the mission that I have taken on, in terms of both conceptual and practical training. I have come to a point where I feel a pressing need for more advanced education in public administration and policy research. Yet, very few of China's universities boast of public policy research programs. I am hoping that, one day in this country, policy research and implementation knowledge would no longer be confined to the trained few, and policy decisions will normally be based on rigorous research . I am quite aware that it may take the efforts of several generations for such a new discipline to take roots in a country as old and as fast-changing as China, and I would like to devote my life to helping this new discipline grow in this country.

I do not really have a whole lot of hobbies. Apart from reading books and listening to my friends relate their experiences, I enjoy traveling on my own. While I always emphasize the importance of teamwork in the office, I like traveling on my own so that it is easier for me to seek a personal connection with nature. As I savor nature's grandeur and my own seclusion in it, the natural world often endows me with new vision and fresh insights.

I have also experienced quite some failures and setbacks in my life, but I have never given up my goal before I reached it. Whenever bogged down in quagmires, I would push myself by saying, just toughen it out, and you will be there. Tomorrow will be better if only you try a little harder.

I would really appreciated your serous deliberation over my application, as I have pondered very seriously before I made up my mind to send in this application. I am sure that, if I can be lucky enough to study under your seasoned guidance and with the necessary financial assistance, you will be training one of the best Chinese policy researchers in China of the 21st century.

For the successes I have achieved so far, I have enjoyed the kind help and support from many people. My further successes are now dependent on your support and appreciation, and I hope you will be generous in offering both after you have reviewed my application. I shall be looking forward to your early reply. Thank you.

Yours sincerely,

留学德国慕尼黑大学研究生费用和申请条件

一、德国慕尼黑大学研究生费用

学费：500 EUR/学期。

大学注册费：(含学生票)：92 EUR/学期。

大学注册费：150欧元/年。

在德国上大学是免费的，但是注册费是必须交的，注册完学校会发给留学生免费的月票卡，这里面涵盖交通费;

书本费：600欧元/年。

由于德国的原版书非常贵，所以大多数学生都会去复印图书或者去图书馆看书;

慕尼黑每月生活费用

校外住宿(Rooms in private housing including utilities)：?350–?600。

校内住宿(Rooms in university housing)：?300或?370(带家具)。

医疗保险(Health insurance)：?80。

食宿(Meals)：?200–?250。

移动手机费(Mobile phone)： ?15–?30。

公共交通费(Public transportation)：?33。

德国的话，一般是不需要递交学费的，对国际学生来说，有一部分费用在暑期项目和部分英语授课型项目。此外，学生还需递交学生服务费?117，该费用一年只需要交一次。

算下来，慕尼黑大学的每月生活费大概就是978-1363欧元，一月生活费大概是7000-10000人民币，一年不过8万-12万人民币。这就是德国留学费用的大概情况。

二、慕尼黑大学申请条件

本科申请条件

中小学共十二年的学生：

小学至高中学习十二年，并通过高考的中国申请人有如下进入德国大学学习的机会：

1. 直接入学：

重点大学(国家211工程院校)四年制本科或五年制本科，至少修满一个学期;

国家承认的普通大学四年制本科或五年制本科，至少修满三个学期。

2. 通过预科入学：完成预科课程并通过预科的结业考试即“大学入学资格鉴定考试”(Feststellungsprüfung)取得德国大学入学资格，要求：

国家承认的普通大学四年制本科或五年制本科，修满一个或两个学期;

三年制高等专科学校(即“大专”)毕业后。

通过预科入学：完成一年的预科课程并通过预科的结业考试即“大学入学资格鉴定考试”(Feststellungsprüfung)取得德国大学入学资格，要求：

重点大学(国家211工程院校)四年制本科或五年制本科，未修满三个学期;

国家承认的普通大学四年制本科或五年制本科，未修满五个学期。

所有满足学历要求者通常都要通过德国使馆文化处留德人员审核部(APS)的审核才可以向德国大学递交申请。

慕尼黑大学对语言要求较高

慕尼黑大学要求学生提供C1语言证明才能获得DSH考试的资格，考得DSH的成绩，才有可能获得慕尼黑大学的OFFER。

慕尼黑大学硕士申请条件

1.相关专业本科毕业，学士学位。

2.具有良好的与所报读专业相关的知识和能力。本科平均分正常在75+。

3.语言考试DSH或德福，英语授课雅思或托福成绩。

三、慕尼黑大学专业设置

高分子材料科，农学，建筑学，土木工程学，土木材料及维修学，生物化学，生物信息学，生物学，酿造与饮料技术，工商管理学(MBA)，化学，化学工程学，优化设计学，交流与决策学(MBA)，计算机机械学，计算科学与工程，计算力学，消费研究学，电子与信息科学，能源与过程科学，工程物理学，发展与设计学，营养学，地球空间科学，汽车与发动机科学，金融与信息管理学，林木科学，林业资源管理，园艺学，土地测量与地理信息学，地理科学，工业化学，计算机科学，通讯技术学，工程水利学，综合元件设计，科学 运输系统，核技术，土地管理学，土地利用学，景观设计与景观规划学，食品化学，航空航天科学，机械制造与管理，机械工程学，生物技术数学，数学，机械电子与信息技术，医学，医药技术学，微波工程学，分子生物技术，原子技术，生态学，物理学，生产与物流学，修葺与保存技术，体育教育，体育科学，可续资源管理学，食品工程学，企业管理学，应用数学，交通系统学，环境工程学，环境规划与生态工程学，经济计算机学。

德国留学福利一览表

一、学习免费

仅针对在公立院校中就读的学生，政府会负责学校教学的开销，是完全的福利性教学，留学生在这里就读也是不需要缴费的，这样大家可以节省一半的留学支出，毕竟私立大学收费是正常的。

不过大家还是需要交纳一笔注册的费用的，需要确认自己的学生身份，这笔注册费会包含大家一学年内的出行学期票，可以享受免费出行的福利，是非常划算的。

二、医疗免费

学校会要求学生购买医疗的保险，大家可以在学校内的相关部门确认自己要购买的项目，确认之后每月进行按时的缴费，这样大家就可以享受国民的医疗福利，减少生病的支出。

建议大家选择比较大的保险公司，公立的会更有保障，例如AOK，TK，DAK，费用一个月系需要300-600元，大家看病买药基本上可以免费，能够进行很高比例的报销。

三、交通免费

不管学生就读的学校是公立还是私立，都需要交一笔学生身份的注册费，这笔费用除了是大家入学的证明，还会发放学生出行一定区域内的交通卡，即大家公共出行不需要花钱。

需要大家缴费之后去相关部门办理学期票，和公交卡差不多，基本上可以保证大家在学校所在的区域内的免费出行，这是学生专属的福利，大家一定要自行办理才能够享受。

四、打工免税

在德国读书，留学生可以进行兼职的工作，而工作就需要缴纳税费，学生作为特殊群体，需要完成缴税的流程，但是每年可以统一办理退税，只需要出示合格完整的证明就可以了。

所以大家必须要办理本人的税卡，并且求职要通过正规渠道，进入到正式的工作需要签合同，然后在指定的时间内，带上材料去相关部门提交退税的申请，当然只有达到缴税额度交了税才会有税可以退。